OBESITY
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health. People are generally considered obese when their body mass index (BMI),a measurement obtained by dividing a person’s weight by square of the persons height is over 30 kg/m2,with the range 25-30 kg/m2, defined as overweight. Some East Asian countries use lower values. Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases and conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancers and dipression.
Certain Causes of obesity
DIET
A 2016 review supported excess food as the primary factor. Dietary energy supply per capita varies markedly between different regions and countries. It has also changed significantly over time. From the early 1970’s to the late 1990’s the average food energy available per person per day increased in all parts of the world expect eastern Europe. The US had the highest availability with 3654 calories per person in 1996.total food energy consumption has been found to be related to obesity.
GENETICS
Like many other medical conditions obesity is the result of an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Polymorphisms in various genes controlling appetite and metabolism predispose to obesity when sufficient food energy is present. The differences in BMI between people that are due to genetics varies depending on the population examined from 6% to 85%.
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